Our validated scales and measures are managed by Mapi Research Trust, a not-for-profit organisation dedicated to promoting scientific approaches in the field of patient-cented outcomes. They have over 40 years’ experience in the management, cultural adaptation and linguistic validation of questionnaires. Please contact Mapi Research Trust if you would like to enquire about using or translating our questionnaires.
You can read more about our scales and measures below
Glucose Monitoring Experience Questionnaire (GME-Q)
The GME-Q is a measure of satisfaction with glucose monitoring. It was designed to be completed by adults with type 1 diabetes, regardless of what type of monitoring they are using (e.g. finger-prick or continuous glucose monitoring). It includes 22 items, forming three scales: ‘Effectiveness’, ‘Intrusiveness’, ‘Convenience’. A composite satisfaction score can also be calculated. A single overview item assesses overall satisfaction, and this can be useful as a brief measure. The GME-Q was developed through qualitative research and has satisfactory face and content validity as a measure of satisfaction with monitoring devices. Acceptability, structural, discriminant and convergent validity have been demonstrated.
To access the GME-Q for use in research or to enquire about translations, please visit:
https://eprovide.mapi-trust.org/instruments/glucose-monitoring-experiences-questionnaire
Publications about the GME-Q:
Speight J, Holmes-Truscott E, Singh H, Little S, Shaw JA. Development and Psychometric Validation of the Novel Glucose Monitoring Experiences Questionnaire Among Adults with Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics. 2019;21(12):691-701.
Speight J, Holmes-Truscott E, Little SA, Leelarathna L, Walkinshaw E, Tan HK, Bowes A, Kerr D, Flanagan D, Heller SR, Evans ML, Shaw JAM. Satisfaction with the Use of Different Technologies for Insulin Delivery and Glucose Monitoring Among Adults with Long-Standing Type 1 Diabetes and Problematic Hypoglycemia: 2-Year Follow-Up in the HypoCOMPaSS Randomized Clinical Trial. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics. 2019;21(11): 619-626.
Diabetes Management Experience Questionnaire (DME-Q)
The DME-Q is an adaptation of the GME-Q (see above). It was adapted to capture satisfaction with overall diabetes management irrespective of treatment modalities. Like the GME-Q, the DME-Q includes 22 items, forming three scales: ‘Effectiveness’, ‘Intrusiveness’, ‘Convenience’. A composite satisfaction score can also be calculated. A single overview item assesses overall satisfaction. The 22-item DME-Q is a brief, acceptable and reliable measure. Satisfactory structural and construct validity have been demonstrated.
To access the DME-Q for use in research or to enquire about translations, please visit:
https://eprovide.mapi-trust.org/instruments/diabetes-management-experiences-questionnaire
Publications about the DME-Q:
In preparation.
Diabetes Stigma Assessment Scale – Type 1 diabetes (DSAS-1)
The Type 1 Diabetes Stigma Assessment Scale (DSAS-1) is a self-report measures of perceived and experienced stigma related to living with type 1 diabetes. It is intended for self-completion by adults with type 1 diabetes, which takes approximately 2-5 minutes. The ACBRD holds the copyright for the original scale and any subsequent modified or translated versions.
The DSAS-1 includes 19 items, which form three sub-scales: Treated Differently, Blame and Judgement, Identity Concerns. A total scale score can also be calculated. Each sub-scale can be used independent of the others, but this will give an incomplete assessment of perceived and experienced stigma. We recommend use of the full 19 items, with analyses of total scale and sub-scales.
To access the DSAS-1 for use in research or to enquire about translations, please visit:
https://eprovide.mapi-trust.org/instruments/type-1-diabetes-stigma-assessment-scale
Publications about the DSAS-1:
Browne JL, Ventura AD, Oliver K, Speight J (2017) Measuring type 1 diabetes stigma: development and validation of the Type 1 Diabetes Stigma Assessment Scale (DSAS-1). Diabetic Medicine, 34(12): 1773-1782
Møller Hansen UM, Willaing I, Ventura AD, Olesen K, Speight J, Browne JL. Stigma perceived and experienced by adults with type 1 diabetes: Linguistic adaptation and psychometric validation of the Danish version of the Type 1 Diabetes Stigma Assessment Scale (DSAS-1 DK). The Patient, 11(4): 403-412
Diabetes Stigma Assessment Scale – Type 2 diabetes (DSAS-2)
The Type 2 Diabetes Stigma Assessment Scale (DSAS-2) is a self-report measures of perceived and experienced related to living with type 2 diabetes. It is intended for self-completion by adults with type 2 diabetes, which takes approximately 2-5 minutes. The ACBRD holds the copyright for the original scale and any subsequent modified or translated versions.
The DSAS-2 includes 19 items, which form three sub-scales: Treated Differently, Blame and Judgement, Self-Stigma. A total scale score can also be calculated. Each sub-scale can be used independent of the others, but this will give an incomplete assessment of perceived and experienced stigma. We recommend use of the full 19 items, with analyses of total scale and sub-scales.
To access the DSAS-2 for use in research or to enquire about translations, please visit:
https://eprovide.mapi-trust.org/instruments/type-2-diabetes-stigma-assessment-scale
Publications about the DSAS-2:
Browne JL, Ventura A, Oliver K, Speight J (2016) Measuring the stigma surrounding type 2 diabetes: development and validation of the Type 2 Diabetes Stigma Assessment Scale (DSAS-2). Diabetes Care, 39(12): 2141-2148
Holmes-Truscott E, Browne JL, Ventura AD, Pouwer F, Speight J. Is diabetes stigma associated with negative treatment appraisals among adults with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes? Results from the second Diabetes MILES – Australia (MILES-2) survey. Diabetic Medicine, 2018; 35(5): 658-662
Hypoglycaemia Awareness Questionnaire (HypoA-Q)
The HypoA-Q is profile measure of hypoglycaemia awareness. The first set of questions are standardised measures about hypoglycaemia frequency, severity and impact (healthcare utilisation). The HypoA-Q includes a validated 5-item ‘impaired awareness’ subscale, which has proven predictive validity (predicting recall of severe and nocturnal hypoglycaemia) and is responsive to intervention in clinical trials. It also includes questions about the glucose levels at which symptoms of hypoglycaemia are first noticed, and questions about the experience of hypoglycaemia while awake and asleep.
The standard version includes all of the above and refers to the past 6 months. A short-form is available, which includes only the 5-item Impaired Awareness scale. An adapted version (focused on the past month, rather than the past 6 months) is also available.
The HypoA-Q has robust face and content validity; satisfactory structure and internal reliability; good convergent, divergent and known groups validity, and is responsive to interventions.
The HypoA-Q is recommended in the ADA / EASD Consensus Report on the management of type 1 diabetes in adults and has been discussed at a US NIDDK workshop on impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia.
To access the full HypoA-Q for use in research or to enquire about translations, please visit:
https://eprovide.mapi-trust.org/instruments/hypoglycaemia-awareness-questionnaire
To access the 5-item Impaired awareness scale (HypoA-Q short form) for use in research or to enquire about translations, please visit:
https://eprovide.mapi-trust.org/instruments/hypoglycaemia-awareness-questionnaire-short-form
To access the past month version (HypoA-Q past month) for use in research or to enquire about translations, please visit:
https://eprovide.mapi-trust.org/instruments/hypoglycaemia-awareness-questionnaire-short-form
Publications about the HypoA-Q:
Speight J, Barendse SM, Singh H, Inkster B, Little S, Frier BM, Shaw JAM. Characterising problematical hypoglycaemia: iterative design and psychometric validation of the Hypoglycaemia Awareness Questionnaire (HypoA-Q). Diabetic Medicine, 2016; 33(3): 376-85.
Little SA, Leelarathna L, Walkinshaw E, Tan HK, Chapple O, Lubina-Solomon A, Chadwick TJ, Barendse S, Stocken DD, Brennand C, Marshall SM, Wood R, Speight J, Kerr D, Flanagan D, Heller SR, Evans ML, Shaw JAM. Recovery of hypoglycemia awareness in longstanding type 1 diabetes: a multicenter 2×2 factorial randomized controlled trial comparing insulin pump with multiple daily injections and continuous with conventional glucose self-monitoring (HypoCOMPaSS). Diabetes Care, 2014; 37(8): 2114-2122.
Little SA, Speight J, Leelarathna L, Walkinshaw E, Tan HK, Bowes A, Lubina-Solomon A, Chadwick TJ, Stocken DD, Brennand C, Marshall SM, Wood R, Kerr D, Flanagan D, Heller SR, Evans ML, Shaw JAM. Sustained Reduction in Severe Hypoglycemia in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Complicated by Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia: 2-Year Follow-up in the HypoCOMPaSS Randomized Clinical Trial. Diabetes Care. 2018; 41(9): 1-8.